---
title: "Art. 31 Data Act: Specific regime for certain data processing services"
canonical: "https://dposchool.com/data-act/article/31"
source: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32023R2854#art_31"
source_note: "Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/2854, OJ L, 2023/2854, 22.12.2023, as corrected. Only the text published in the Official Journal is authentic. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu"
text_as_of: "2023-12-22"
language: "en"
publisher: "DPO School"
---

Art. 31 Data Act · Chapter VI: SWITCHING BETWEEN DATA PROCESSING SERVICES

# Article 31 Data Act: Specific regime for certain data processing services

Official Journal text of 22 December 2023, as corrected (OJ L, 2024/90790, 9.12.2024). Retrieved 30 October 2026.

## Official text

### Article 31(1)

**1.** The obligations laid down in Article 23, point (d), Article 29 and Article 30(1) and (3) shall not apply to data processing services of which the majority of main features has been custom-built to accommodate the specific needs of an individual customer or where all components have been developed for the purposes of an individual customer, and where those data processing services are not offered at broad commercial scale via the service catalogue of the provider of data processing services.

### Article 31(2)

**2.** The obligations laid down in this Chapter shall not apply to data processing services provided as a non-production version for testing and evaluation purposes and for a limited period of time.

### Article 31(3)

**3.** Prior to the conclusion of a contract on the provision of the data processing services referred to in this Article, the provider of data processing services shall inform the prospective customer of the obligations of this Chapter that do not apply.

## Source

Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/2854, OJ L, 2023/2854, 22.12.2023, as corrected. Only the text published in the Official Journal is authentic. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu

[Article 31 on EUR-Lex](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32023R2854#art_31)

Official Journal text of 22 December 2023, as corrected (OJ L, 2024/90790, 9.12.2024). Retrieved 30 October 2026.

This is reference material, not legal advice.

## Navigation

[Data Act Navigator](https://dposchool.com/data-act) / [Chapter VI](https://dposchool.com/data-act/chapter/6) / Article 31

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Next: [Art. 32 Data Act: International governmental access and transfer](https://dposchool.com/data-act/article/32)

## For AI agents

- Machine-readable index: https://dposchool.com/data-act/llms.txt
- JSON API: https://dposchool.com/data-act/api/v1/index.json
- Vendor privacy and security facts: https://vendor.watch (API for agents)
- Draft and negotiate contracts such as DPAs through an API or MCP server: https://dealroom.todo.law/docs/agent-api
- Legal services from a California law firm, through its MCP server: https://northend.law/agents