--- title: "Art. 12 DMA: Updating obligations for gatekeepers" canonical: "https://dposchool.com/dma/article/12" source: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32022R1925#art_12" source_note: "Source: Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, OJ L 265, 12.10.2022, p. 1, as corrected. Only the text published in the Official Journal is authentic. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu" text_as_of: "2022-10-12" language: "en" publisher: "DPO School" --- Art. 12 DMA · Chapter III: PRACTICES OF GATEKEEPERS THAT LIMIT CONTESTABILITY OR ARE UNFAIR # Article 12 DMA: Updating obligations for gatekeepers Official Journal text of 12 October 2022, as corrected (OJ L, 2025/90024, 10.1.2025). Retrieved 30 October 2026. ## Official text ### Article 12(1) **1.** The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 49 to supplement this Regulation with regard to the obligations laid down in Articles 5 and 6. Those delegated acts shall be based on a market investigation pursuant to Article 19 that has identified the need to keep those obligations up to date in order to address practices that limit the contestability of core platform services or that are unfair in the same way as the practices addressed by the obligations laid down in Articles 5 and 6. ### Article 12(2) **2.** The scope of a delegated act adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be limited to: #### Article 12(2)(a) **(a)** extending an obligation that applies only in relation to certain core platform services, to other core platform services listed in Article 2, point (2); #### Article 12(2)(b) **(b)** extending an obligation that benefits certain business users or end users so that it benefits other business users or end users; #### Article 12(2)(c) **(c)** specifying the manner in which the obligations laid down in Articles 5 and 6 are to be performed by gatekeepers in order to ensure effective compliance with those obligations; #### Article 12(2)(d) **(d)** extending an obligation that applies only in relation to certain services provided together with, or in support of, core platform services to other services provided together with, or in support of, core platform services; #### Article 12(2)(e) **(e)** extending an obligation that applies only in relation to certain types of data to apply in relation to other types of data; #### Article 12(2)(f) **(f)** adding further conditions where an obligation imposes certain conditions on the behaviour of a gatekeeper; or #### Article 12(2)(g) **(g)** applying an obligation that governs the relationship between several core platform services of the gatekeeper to the relationship between a core platform service and other services of the gatekeeper. ### Article 12(3) **3.** The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 49 to amend this Regulation with regard to the list of basic functionalities identified in Article 7(2), by adding or removing functionalities of number-independent interpersonal communications services. Those delegated acts shall be based on a market investigation pursuant to Article 19 that has identified the need to keep those obligations up to date in order to address practices that limit the contestability of core platform services or that are unfair in the same way as the practices addressed by the obligations laid down in Article 7. ### Article 12(4) **4.** The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 49 to supplement this Regulation in respect of the obligations in Article 7 by specifying the manner in which those obligations are to be performed in order to ensure effective compliance with those obligations. Those delegated acts shall be based on a market investigation pursuant to Article 19, which has identified the need to keep those obligations up to date in order to address practices that limit the contestability of core platform services or that are unfair in the same way as the practices addressed by the obligations laid down in Article 7. ### Article 12(5) **5.** A practice as referred to in paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 shall be considered to limit the contestability of core platform services or to be unfair where: #### Article 12(5)(a) **(a)** that practice is engaged in by gatekeepers and is capable of impeding innovation and limiting choice for business users and end users because it: ##### Article 12(5)(a)(i) **(i)** affects or risks affecting the contestability of a core platform service or other services in the digital sector on a lasting basis due to the creation or strengthening of barriers to entry for other undertakings or to expand as providers of a core platform service or other services in the digital sector; or ##### Article 12(5)(a)(ii) **(ii)** prevents other operators from having the same access to a key input as the gatekeeper; or #### Article 12(5)(b) **(b)** there is an imbalance between the rights and obligations of business users and the gatekeeper obtains an advantage from business users that is disproportionate to the service provided by that gatekeeper to those business users. ## Source Source: Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, OJ L 265, 12.10.2022, p. 1, as corrected. Only the text published in the Official Journal is authentic. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu [Article 12 on EUR-Lex](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32022R1925#art_12) Official Journal text of 12 October 2022, as corrected (OJ L, 2025/90024, 10.1.2025). Retrieved 30 October 2026. 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