---
title: "Case C-132/21: judgment of 12 January 2023"
canonical: "https://dposchool.com/gdpr/case/c-132-21"
source: "https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-132/21&language=en"
source_note: "Only the judgment as published by the Court of Justice is authoritative."
text_as_of: "2026-10-28"
last_reviewed: "2026-10-29"
language: "en"
publisher: "DPO School"
---

Court of Justice judgment · Case C-132/21

# BE v Nemzeti Adatvédelmi és Információszabadság Hatóság

[Reviewed by Sergio Maldonado Elvira on 29 October 2026](https://dposchool.com/gdpr/about#review)

- **Case:** C-132/21
- **Court:** Court of Justice
- **Date of judgment:** 12 January 2023
- **ECLI:** ECLI:EU:C:2023:2
- **Instrument:** Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR)
- **Provisions:** [Article 77(1)](https://dposchool.com/gdpr/article/77#1), [Article 78(1)](https://dposchool.com/gdpr/article/78#1), [Article 79(1)](https://dposchool.com/gdpr/article/79#1)

## Holding (summary, not the official text)

Complaints to an authority, appeals against its decisions and direct court actions against controllers can be pursued in parallel and independently; Member States set rules to avoid conflicting outcomes.

## Official source

- [Case C-132/21 on CURIA](https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-132/21&language=en)
- [Judgment on EUR-Lex (CELEX 62021CJ0132)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62021CJ0132)

Checked against the official source on 28 October 2026.

Only the judgment as published by the Court of Justice is authoritative. This is reference material, not legal advice.

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