---
title: "Virginia privacy law (VCDPA): enforcement"
canonical: "https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/enforcement"
source: "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/"
text_as_of: "2026-10-28"
last_reviewed: "2026-10-29"
language: "en-US"
publisher: "DPO School"
---

Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act

# Virginia privacy law (VCDPA): enforcement

Law as of October 28, 2026 · [Reviewed by Sergio Maldonado Elvira on 29 October 2026](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/about#review)

## Summary (not the statute text)

Only the Attorney General enforces the Act and may issue civil investigative demands. Before suing, the Attorney General must give 30 days' notice and a chance to cure, and this cure right does not expire. Penalties are up to $7,500 per violation, plus injunctions and reasonable investigation costs and attorney fees. There is no private right of action.

## Key points

1. Exclusive Attorney General enforcement.

   Section: [§ 59.1-584(A)](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

2. Civil investigative demands available.

   Section: [§ 59.1-583](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

3. 30-day notice and cure, with a written statement of cure; no sunset.

   Section: [§ 59.1-584(B)](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

4. Civil penalties up to $7,500 per violation and injunctions.

   Section: [§ 59.1-584(C)](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

5. Recovery of reasonable expenses, including attorney fees.

   Section: [§ 59.1-584(D)](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

6. No private right of action.

   Section: [§ 59.1-584(E)](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

## Sources

- [https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title59.1/chapter53/section59.1-583/](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title59.1/chapter53/section59.1-583/)
- [https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title59.1/chapter53/section59.1-584/](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title59.1/chapter53/section59.1-584/)

[Compare enforcement across all states](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/topic/enforcement)

## Related GDPR articles

Related, not equivalent: the GDPR and the state laws differ in scope, terms and exceptions.

- [Article 83: General conditions for imposing administrative fines](https://dposchool.com/gdpr/article/83) (enforcement)

## Status

Law as of October 28, 2026.

[Reviewed by Sergio Maldonado Elvira on 29 October 2026](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/about#review). Prepared from the official sources listed.

[Official text of the Virginia statute](https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title59.1/chapter53/)

Reference material, not legal advice.

## Other topics for Virginia

- [Applicability](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/applicability)
- [Consumer rights](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/consumer-rights)
- [Sensitive data](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/sensitive-data)
- [Controller duties](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/controller-duties)
- [Processors](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/processors)

## Navigation

[US State Privacy Laws](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws) / [Virginia](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia) / Enforcement

Previous: [Processors](https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/state/virginia/processors)

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## For AI agents

- Machine-readable index: https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/llms.txt
- JSON API: https://dposchool.com/state-privacy-laws/api/v1/index.json
- Vendor privacy and security facts: https://vendor.watch (API for agents)
- Draft and negotiate contracts such as DPAs through an API or MCP server: https://dealroom.todo.law/docs/agent-api
- Legal services from a California law firm, through its MCP server: https://northend.law/agents