Court of Justice judgment · Case C-252/21

Meta Platforms Inc and Others v Bundeskartellamt

Reviewed by Sergio Maldonado Elvira on 29 October 2026

Case: C-252/21
Court: Court of Justice
Date of judgment: 4 July 2023
ECLI: ECLI:EU:C:2023:537
Instrument: Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR)
Provisions: Article 6(1)(a), Article 6(1)(b), Article 6(1)(c), Article 6(1)(f), Article 7(4), Article 9(1), Article 9(2)(e), Article 51, Article 56, Article 60

Holding (summary, not the official text)

A competition authority may find GDPR breaches when examining abuse of dominance, in cooperation with data protection authorities; collecting off-platform data that reveal sensitive traits is special-category processing; personalised advertising from such data cannot rest on contract necessity and only narrowly on legitimate interest; dominance does not bar valid consent but weighs on whether it is freely given.

Checked against the official source on 28 October 2026.

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